A Review of Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems in Polokwane City Limpopo Province

Abstract

Waste management in South Africa faces numerous challenges, including a growing population and economy, which cause an increase in the generation of waste. Limited human and financial capacity, the absence of infrastructure and equipment, coupled with the declining levels of capital investment and maintenance, present a challenge to most South African municipalities as far as municipal solid waste management is concerned. Previous research reports on the challenges faced with regards to waste management in the Limpopo Province, highlights the need for further research at a local municipality level. This study aimed to evaluate the municipal solid waste management system in Polokwane Local Municipality, with a focus on identifying challenges and gaps, to, ultimately, make recommendations for improvement. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) research approach was adopted. Primary data was collected through observations, interviews with waste managers, and survey questionnaires with general workers. Secondary data was collected from literature review and evaluation of the Polokwane Local Municipality integrated waste management plan (IWMP) and integrated development plan (IDP), as well as supporting documents. The results of the study indicate that some challenges exist with the implementation of national waste management legislation as it relates to the storage, collection, transportation and final disposal of waste, which may influence the municipality’s waste management system performance. When comparing the IWMP goals to the goals of the National Waste Management Strategy (NWMS), the results revealed a gap linking all of the goals, especially Goals 3 and 7. Observations revealed challenges with regards to insufficient receptacles for waste storage, with limited to no separation at source, as well as insufficient operations at the landfill site, with inadequate daily cover, irregular inspection of vehicles at the access gate leading to incorrect data being reported to the SAWIS system. Interview with waste management officers revealed that financial management, equipment management, labour management, and institutional behaviour are the main factors influencing waste management systems within the municipality. Surveys completed by general waste workers indicated that a lack of adequate human resources, and insufficient basic waste management awareness and skills are cause for concern. An improvement in human resource capacity, with a focus on training was recommended.