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Intelligent controller for improved efficiency of micro wind turbine generators

dc.contributor.advisorGouws, R.
dc.contributor.authorBotha, Stefan
dc.date.accessioned2018-02-01T10:14:52Z
dc.date.available2018-02-01T10:14:52Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.descriptionMIng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2017en_US
dc.description.abstractWind turbines are one of the fastest growing forms of renewable energy. This is mainly due to wind turbines being one of the cleanest and cheapest form of renewable energy. The amount of power a wind turbine extracts from the incoming wind is dependent on the rotational speed and for every wind speed there is an optimal rotational speed that will extract the most amount of power from the incoming wind. Large wind turbines incorporate active control techniques in order to control the rotational speed and ensure the maximum amount of power is extracted from the wind. This usually involves altering the pitch of the blades or the direction of the wind turbine with regards to the incoming wind. Using these active control techniques to control the rotational speed of micro wind turbine creates mechanical and economical difficulties. This results in micro wind turbines incorporating passive control techniques with the disadvantage of lower efficiency in controlling the rotational speed, and therefore the amount of power extracted, when compared to active control techniques. For this project a controller was developed that altered the rotational speed of a micro wind turbine in order to increase the amount of power extracted from the incoming wind. This was done by using a DC-DC boost converter controlled by a fuzzy logic controller on the output of the generator. The controller only requires the rotational speed and power output of the wind turbine generator whereas the majority of controllers require the wind speed and therefore eliminates the difficulties in obtaining exact wind speed due to the wake effect of the wind turbine tower. The required change in the duty cycle of the DC-DC boost converter is determined by the controller which in turn controls the electromechanical torque of the generator. After the controller was developed, the design was simulated in Matlab®/Simulink® and practically implemented using Control Desk® and a dSPACE® DS1104 controller board on a 1 kW micro wind turbine generator. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate an improvement in the amount of power extracted by the micro wind turbine generator incorporating the controller, especially during high wind speeds. Windturbines is een van die vinnigste groeiende vorms van hernubare energie. Dit is hoofsaaklik te danke aan die feit dat wind energie een van die skoonste en goedkoopste vorms van hernubare energie is. Die hoeveelheid drywing wat 'n windturbine uit die inkomende wind onttrek is afhanklik van die rotasiespoed en vir elke wind spoed is daar 'n optimale rotasiespoed wat die meeste drywing sal onttrek van die inkomende wind. Groot windturbines maak gebruik van aktiewe beheer tegnieke om die rotasiespoed te beheer en te verseker dat die maksimum hoeveelheid drywing uit die wind onttrek word. Dit behels gewoonlik om die lem steek of die rigting van die windturbine met betrekking tot die inkomende wind te verander. Om hierdie aktiewe beheer tegnieke op mikro-windturbines te gebruik lei na meganiese en ekonomiese probleme. Dit het die gevolg dat mikro-windturbines gebruik maak van passiewe beheer tegnieke wat die nadeel het van laer effektiwiteit om die rotasiespoed te beheer in vergelyking met aktiewe beheer tegnieke. 'n Beheerder moet ontwerp word wat die rotasiespoed van 'n mikro-windturbine kan beheer en sodoende die hoeveelheid drywing wat uit die inkomende wind onttrek word verhoog. Dit kan gedoen word deur 'n GS-GS opstapversterker wat beheer word met wasige logika op die uitset van die generator te koppel. Die beheerder benodig slegs die rotasiespoed en uitset drywing van generator waar die meerderheid van beheerders die spoed van die inkomende wind benodig. Die beheerder oorkom dus die probleme wat geasosieer word om presiese wind spoed te meet as gevolg van die nasleep effek van die windturbinetoring. Die beheerder bepaal die nodige verandering in die dienssiklus van die GS-GS opstapversterker wat die elektromeganiese wringkrag van die generator beheer. Na die beheerder ontwikkel was, was die ontwerp gesimuleer in Matlab®/Simulink® en prakties toegepas deur gebruik te maak van Control Desk® en 'n dSPACE® DS1104 beheerbord op 'n 1 kW mikro-windturbinegenerator. Beide die simulasies en eksperimentele resultate bevestig dat die beheerder die hoeveelheid drywing wat deur die wind turbine onttrek word verhoog, veral vir 'n toenemende wind spoed.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Research Foundation (South Africa) ESKOMen_US
dc.description.thesistypeMastersen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10394/26219
dc.publisherNorth-West University (South Africa) , Potchefstroom Campusen_US
dc.subjectDC-DC Boost Converteren_US
dc.subjectdSPACE®en_US
dc.subjectDuty Cycleen_US
dc.subjectFuzzy Logicen_US
dc.subjectMatlab®/Simulink®en_US
dc.subjectPMSGen_US
dc.subjectDienssiklusen_US
dc.subjectGS-GS Opstapversterkeren_US
dc.subjectWasige logikaen_US
dc.titleIntelligent controller for improved efficiency of micro wind turbine generatorsen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US

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