Adversities and mental health of HIV/AIDS induced orphans in Mafikeng : the moderating role of perceived social support

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed at exploring the moderating role of perceived social support in the relationship between mental health and adversities of HIV/ AIDS- related orphans in Mafikeng. Method: A cross-sectional research was conducted and three hundred and twenty one participants were purposively selected from two orphanage centres and two secondary schools in Mafikeng (orphans and non- orphans).Orphans were 121 (male= 66, female= 55), and non-orphans were 200 (male= 115, female= 85) between 10 to 20 years of age.Data was collected using Child Abuse Trauma Scale (CAT- Scale), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ28), and Multi-Dimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSS). Results: The findings of the study indicated that there was a statistically significant negative relationship between child abuse and trauma (r= -.492, p= .01); and perceived social support.Results also indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between child abuse and trauma (r= .423, p= .01); and mental health. As predicted, perceived social support moderated the relationship between adversities and mental health (R2 = 0.09, DF(l , 320) = 7.697, p< 0.001). Therefore, as perceived social support increases, it lessens the probability of high mental health scores, even when adversitiesis high or low. Conclusion: Adversities have a significant negative relationship with perceived social support, and adversities also have a significant positive relationship with mental health. Perceived social support moderate the relationship between adversities and mental health.