A qualitative exploration of how older black South Africans perceive successful retirement

Abstract

Africa is predicted to have an elderly population nearly double the current figures by 2050 (Reyers, 2018). Despite the increasing number of elderly people within the population, very little qualitative research could be found on what successful retirement entails for black South Africans. Quantitative studies have mostly focused on financial literacy and determining the financial readiness of South Africans with regards to retirement. However, elderly South Africans face numerous challenges such as poverty, lack of access to basic services, lack of quality medical care, that contribute to the lack of preparedness for retirement. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore how older black South Africans perceive successful retirement. A qualitative descriptive design was used with focus group interviews involving 12 participants within the Emfuleni Local Municipality near Vanderbijlpark. The study made use of purposive criterion sampling to identify the 12 participants. Four themes were identified through thematic analysis, namely: 1) financial freedom; 2) physical health; 3) community support base; and 4) educated children. Financial freedom included being able to buy necessities and being able to afford quality health care. Physical health was also important to te eldery to remain happy and able to engage with peers in various activities at the community centre. The community centre was highlighted as being an important source of support for the elderly. Lastly, the edlerly emphasised the importance of sending their children to be educated, in order for them to have successful lives and not be reliant on their parents. Future research into the perspectives of black South Africans could identify possible programs to promote successful retirement for black South Africans .