A pilot study: use of the adult adhd-self report scale in a south african patient population

Abstract

Introduction: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which typically presents in childhood. This diagnosis may often be overlooked in adulthood, particularly in psychiatric populations. The Adult ADHD-Self Report scale (ASRS) is an internationally used and reliable screener, however studies investigating its use in African populations are limited. Objectives: To investigate the application of the ASRS in a South African setting. Methods: A convenience sample of acutely presenting psychiatric participants admitted for stabilisation was used in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. This population was identified as representing a developing or low- and middle-income country population. Fieldworkers administered the ASRS and collected information relating to demographics, differential diagnoses, substance use disorder (SUD) presence, substance consumption and prescribed medication relating to current or historical treatment of ADHD. Results: The study sample included 30 participants, with black people representing the majority of participants. ASRS completion revealed the rate of ADHD within the study population to be 43.3%, a contrast to the initially presumed prevalence of 6.7% which was based on reported methylphenidate therapy. A difference in SUD prevalence was identified between subjects screening positively and negatively for ADHD with a greater tendency towards SUDs seen for ASRS-positive individuals. Significant differences were identified in relation to cannabis- and polysubstance use for ASRS-positive individuals. Summary / Conclusions: Despite limitations related to the sample used and challenges in ASRS administration, investigation findings support recommendations for ADHD screening inclusion in acute inpatient settings in South Africa and ASRS translation into indigenous African languages