Fisieke aktiwiteit se verband met leefstyl gebruike en gesondheidstatus by pre- en post-menopousale vroue

Abstract

Physical inactivity is recognised as one of the 7 risk factors in the development of chronic lifestyle disorders. According to research literature the participation in regular physical activity does have positive effects and consequences on general health and quality of life. The aim of this research is therefore to determine the relationship of physical activity on lifestyle and health in women. Lastly this study wants to determine the most important contributor to the variance of health status in pre- and postmenopausal women. Four hundred and twenty five 425 Caucasian South African women between the ates of 30-65 ( 42.97 ± 9 .0 years) living within the municipal boundaries of the city of potchefstroom were randomly selected in an urbanised community to participate in this study. Data was collected by means of a general information questionnaire as well as a scientifically verified health status, lifestyle and physical activity questionnaire. Participants were classified into a pre-menopausal (~ 49) and postmenopausal group (2 50). Physical activity was measured with the physical activity participation index (PAI) of Sharkey (1984). The lifestyle index of the participants were determined by the questionaire of Belloc and Breslw (1972). Health status was assessec by the health status questionnaire of Wyler et al. (1968). One-way and two-way analysisi of variance was used to determine relationships between variables. After the statistical significance had been determined, the Tukey post-hoc test was used to determine whether certain groups differ significantly from each other. Effect sizes (ES) were obtained to determine the meaningfulness of the results. The respondentes were selected according to two age groups(~ 49 and 2 50 years). When the physical activity participation was used to divide the two age groups into inactive, low active, low moderate, moderate and highly active groups, the older women still tended to follow a healthier lifestyle in all these groups, the younger group tend to be more physical active than the healthy older group. With regard to lifestyle, the tendency was reversed within the older women following a healthier lifestyle. It also appears that in women following a healthy lifestyl, participation in physical activity has a positive effect on their health status.

It therefore appears that in certain circumstances women react differentyly to physical activity participation than men do. The lifestyle practics of both groups in relation with physical activity differs statistical (p:s;0.05) and practical significantly (ES ~ 0.5 and ES ~ 0.8) from each other, among most of the groups. A statistical significant (p:s;0.05) also existed between the physical activity index (F AI) of pre- and postmenopausal women, as far as lifestyle (LSBB) is concerned. According to this investigation women and m~n differ as far as the different parameters of LS contribution to health status is concern.