Die invloed van fisieke inoefening op die geestelike welstand van dames

Abstract

The influence of physical activity on the spiritual well-being of women. Man is perceived as a holistic being, which implies that the total well-being/wellness of a person consists of a variety of components, notably the physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual dimensions. A high level of spiritual wellness (SW) can only be obtained if there is interaction and balance between these dimensions. The spiritual dimension is seen by some researchers as the basis and foundation for participation in physical activity, a healthy lifestyle and good health. Spiritual wellness (SW) is thus considered to be the support mechanism in which the other dimensions articulate and interact with one another. Therefore the spiritual aspect should not merely be seen as one of the six dimensions. The purpose of this study was firstly to determine whether physical activity would have a positive effect on the spiritual wellbeing and the perception of happiness and quality of life. Secondly, the study aimed at determing if the level of spiritual well-being would increase due to changes in body composition as an inevitable result of exercise/physical activity. The subjects of this study were drawn from the Biokinetic Clinic in Parys. The group consisted of seventy white females with an average age of 45.5 years. During the initial and re-evaluation stages of the study the respondents' spiritual well-being, participation in physical activities and their happiness in life were measured with the following questionnaires: The spiritual well-being scale of Ellison (1983), physical activity index (PAI) of Sharkey (1984) as well as the happiness, well-being and quality of life questionnaire of Kamman and Flett (1983). A physical work capacity 170 test on a cateye cycle ergometer was also done on each of the respondents. Dependent and independent t-tests were conducted to determine whether the initial and re-evaluation values of the control group and the experimental group showed ...