Experiences of female principals as leaders of successful secondary schools in the North-West Province

Abstract

A growing body of research on female leadership shows that females are generally successful as leaders. Although, historically, females have never been the majority in leadership positions in many institutions including secondary schools, their number has steadily increased in what has been, traditionally, 'male territory ' thus creating a critical mass and a pool of subjects for the study of female leadership experience. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of female principals as leaders of successful secondary schools. Four female principals were purposively selected to participate in a multiple case study design that followed a constructivist/interpretive research paradigm and was underpinned by three leadership theories namely, transformational, instructional and relational leadership and ethic of care. The leadership experiences of the four female principals were explored through observations, in-depth interviews and the diary method. The findings revealed that although these female principals were successful in their job, their career advancement was not without obstacles. The leadership styles employed by the principals were not always democratic or collaborative as each situation called for a different style. For instance, they applied autocracy when major decisions had to be taken. The ethic of care, nurturing and ' motherhood ' were dominant attributes that were revealed in the leadership of these females. These principals understood leadership as inspiring and convincing followers towards achieving the vision of the school. This study contributes to new horizons of knowledge by developing a model of successful school leadership by females. The capabilities and contributions of female principals who participated in this study is an inspiration to those who intend to become future leaders.