The use of essential oils in relieving symptoms specific to brain malignancies : a systematic review

Abstract

Background Brain-malignancy incidence is on the rise globally. Traditional treatment options for brain-malignancies such as surgery, radiation or chemotherapy bring about side-effects that may add to the already distressing symptoms of the malignancies. Essential oils have been proven to be effective in assisting in the relief of symptoms, yet no summary of the best available evidence for the use of brain-malignancy related symptoms with essential oils is available. Aim The main aim of this study was to provide a summary of the best available evidence regarding the use of essential oils to relieve specific brain malignancy-related symptoms (such as headaches, seizures, increased intra-cranial pressure, vomiting/nausea, depression and anxiety) and to design a patient information leaflet with the findings of the study. Method A systematic review was conducted and the following databases were utilised : Medline, eJournal, CAB abstracts, Health source, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SAePublications, AHFS Consumer Medication information, SocINDEX and Masterfile. Applicable academic literature was identified following a predetermined search strategy. The reference lists of secondary sources were searched to determine and include the primary sources. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were predetermined and all studies were critically appraised by validated critical appraisal tools. Results 24 studies were included in the final report. Essential oils proved to assist in relieving brain-malignancy related symptoms of headaches, vomiting/nausea, depression and anxiety. No symptomatic treatments results were found for the treatment of seizures and increased Intracranial pressure. The essential oils found to assist in the relief of these symptoms were Lavender, Basil, Spearmint, Peppermint, Bergamot, Roman Chamomile, Sandalwood, Frankincense, Spikenard, Rose, Juniper, Geranium and Jasmine. Different routes of administration were used such as oral intake, topical application, inhalation and aromatherapy massage. Conclusion Essential oils are effective in relieving specific brain malignancy-related symptoms (such as headaches, vomiting/nausea, depression and anxiety). A patient information leaflet created from the information gathered during the study presents an essential oils guide for easy reference of treatment of symptoms in patients with brain malignancies