Stres, coping, psigologiese gesondheid en lewenskwaliteit van boere in die Vrystaat

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the global level of perceived stress among farmers in the Free State, but also to determine which specific stressors were experienced by them and what the intensity of it was. The spotlight further fell on the frequency of coping strategies which were being used by the Free State farmers with specific attention to individuals with high and low levels of stress. Attention was also given to the possible influence of certain demographic variables like age, matrimony, as well as residence on stress and coping strategies. Another purpose of this study was to determine what the quality of life was of farmers in the Free State with regard to the different domains of life, because it was suggested that there is a correlation between stress, coping, psychological well-being and quality of life. According to the results of the research, certain factors were recommended for inclusion in a capacity building programme to facilitate psychological well-being and quality of life of farmers. To carry out the purpose of the study, the following scales were used: Sense of Coherence Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Affectometer 2, COPE, Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Perceived Stress Scale. A randomly selected sample of 200 farmers representing all regions of the Free State was used. These scales all showed satisfactory reliability indices. The researcher compiled two additional questionnaires, namely a demographic questionnaire and a stressor questionnaire for farmers. As far as the qualitative research was concerned, four in-depth interviews were conducted with respondents. Although there were no deviations noticed in this research with regard to stress, coping and psychological well-being, it is nevertheless interesting to note that the biggest stressor that the farmers are experiencing is the economic climate. That is followed by drought working pressure and the idea of a new democracy of South Africa. As far as the quality of life is concerned, the Free State farmers are experiencing a quality of life that is below the average. In fact some life domains were identified as clinically significant namely physical well-being, material well-being, personal growth and vacation behavior. Recommendations were made regarding further research in this field and also aspects that can be included in a capacity building programme for farmers. This research hopefully contributes to the understanding of the stress, coping, psychological well-being and quality of life of farmers in the Free State.