Humanism and nature – some reflections on a complex relationship
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Rüsen, Jörn
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Abstract
The paper starts with a systematical analysis of the interrelationship of
humanism and nature. It proceeds to a historical reconstruction of this relationship in
the development of Western humanism from ancient Rome via Renaissance till the
Enlightenment of the 18th century. In both respects the result of the analysis is the
same: The Western tradition of humanism is characterised by a gap between an emphasis
on the cultural quality of human life on the one hand and nature on the other one. Men
are entitled to dominate and govern nature and use it for their purpose. This fits into an
idea of a progressing destructive relationship between man and nature in the West. On
the other the tradition of humanism has put the gap between man and nature into a
harmonising cosmological or theological context. In this context a simple destructive
relationship between man and nature is not possible. The humanism of today has to
pick up the challenge of the ecological crisis and to refer to its tradition where man and
nature are mediated into a meaningful and sense-bearing interrelationship. Instead of
simply referring to the traditional cosmology a convincing idea of this mediation or even
synthesis can only be made plausible by referring to the already pre-given synthesis
between nature and culture, the human body
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RÜSEN, J. 2006. Humanism and nature – some reflections on a complex relationship. TD: The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa, 2(2):265-276. Dec. [http://dspace.nwu.ac.za/handle/10394/3605]