Psychological effects of multimedia-induced sexualisation of girls in middle childhood: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review available literature pertaining to the psychological effects of multimedia-induced sexualisation of girls in middle childhood (between the ages of 6 and 12 years old). Method: A systematic review was conducted through a comprehensive electronic search. Nineteen studies were included in the review and the data was analysed by means of qualitative content analysis. Results: Two themes were identified, namely: 1) detrimental psychological effects of sexualisation; and 2) beneficial psychological effects of sexualisation. Findings appeared to indicate that the psychological effects on girls in middle childhood resulting from sexualisation, such as internalisation, mental health problems, objectification and gender stereotyping, were more likely to be detrimental than beneficial to their well-being. The review also found a paucity of research on the topic within developing countries. Consequently, the authors recommended a precautionary approach pertaining to sexualisation of girls in middle childhood. Conclusion: A thorough understanding of the topic is valuable as it can inform a preventative and proactive management approach. It can especially assist in informing policy as well as therapists by informing their developmental conceptualisation and treatment of girls in middle childhood