Die invloed en regsaard van beplanningsinstrumente op plaaslike ontwikkelingsprojekte

Abstract

Ontwikkelingsprojekte in Suid-Afrika vind daagliks in plaaslike ontwikkelingsgebiede plaas. Munisipale grondbeplanning en ontwikkelingsprojekte word deur die Wet op Plaaslike Regerings: Munisipale Stelsels 32 van 2000 en die Wet op Ruimtelike Beplanning en Grondgebruikbestuur, 16 van 2013 gereguleer deur middel van geïntegreerde ontwikkelingsplanne (IDP) en ruimtelike ontwikkelingsraamwerke (SDF) deur wat ontwikkelingsprojekte reël. Nasionale wette soos NEMA, NEMAQA, NEMIQMA, NEMBA; provinsiale omgewingswetgewing sowel as plaaslike verordeninge maak ook voorsiening vir beplanningsinstrumente wat in ag geneem en in lyn gebring moet word met die SDF en IDP. Die Grondwet van die Republiek van Suid Afrika, 1996 bepaal in bylaag 4 en 5 dat daar sekere eksklusiewe en/of konkurrente bevoegdhede aan nasionale en provinsiale sfere toekom, waaronder ontwikkeling. Munisipaliteite moet in ag geneem word omrede alle ontwikkeling op plaaslike vlak plaasvind. Munisipaliteite beskik oor uitvoerende gesag oor alle aangeleenthede gelys in skedules 4B en 5B van die Grondwet, maar so het ander nasionale en provinsiale departemente ook die bevoegdheid om bepaalde beplanningsinstrumente daar te stel wat konflik kan meebring. Hierdie beplanningsinstrumente moet egter steeds geïntegreerd toegepas word tussen al die belanghebbende partye. Samewerkende regering kan ʼn oplossing bied en die remedies van die Intergovernmental Relations Framework Act 13 van 2005 kan gebruik word. In hierdie skripsie is die verskillende beplanningsintrumente, die wetgewing wat dit daargestel het, die funksionaris wat verantwoordbaar gehou word en die regsaard van die betrokke instrument, ondersoek om te bepaal wat die invloed daarvan op ontwikkeling is en of die bepaalde instrument afdwingbaar is tydens beplanning.

Development and planning projects take place in South Africa on a daily basis in local development areas. Municipal land planning is regulated in terms of the Local Government: Municipal Systems Act 32 of 2000 by means of Integrated Development Plans (IDP) and Spatial Development Frameworks (SDF) now regulated by the Spatial Development Framework Act 16 of 2013, to integrate national, provincial and municipal development. National legislation such as NEMA, NEMAQA, NEMIQMA, NEMBA; provincial environmental legislation and local bylaws also provide for planning instruments that should be considered and should be aligned with the SDF and IDP. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 in schedules 4 and 5 confers certain exclusive and concurrent national and provincial legislative competences, including development. Municipalities should be taken into account as all development takes place at a local level. Municipalities have executive authority over all matters listed in schedules 4B and 5B of the Constitution but other national and provincial authorities also have the competence to draft development plans, which may give rise to conflict. Cooperative governance may provide a solution and the remedies in the Intergovernmental Relations Framework Act 13 of 2005 could be used. In this dissertation the planning instruments, the legislation applicable, the functionary who is held accountable and the legal nature of the instrument one investigated to determine what the impact of the instrument will be on development and whether the planning instrument would be enforceable during planning.