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    Symmetry symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical and genetic correlates

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    Symmetry symptoms.pdf (90.25Kb)
    Date
    2016
    Author
    Lochner, Christine
    Harvey, Brian Herbert
    McGregor, Nathaniel
    Hemmings, Sian
    Breet, Elsie
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    Abstract
    Objective: In obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), symmetry-related symptoms may be important. Although clinical correlates of symmetry-related symptoms have been identified in OCD, few data exist on genetic associations. Animal studies indicate involvement of dopamine in symmetry-related behavior, suggesting this may be relevant to analogous symptoms in OCD. Alterations in dopamine may also reflect environmental influences. However, the association of symmetry-related symptomatology, early adversity, and polymorphisms in dopaminergic genes has not been investigated in OCD. Methods: Clinical information and polymorphisms in key dopaminergic genes were compared between OCD patients with primary symmetry symptoms and those without. Results: OCD patients with primary symmetry symptoms comprised 46.6% (n=210) of the sample (n=451), and were older (po0.01), had longer illness duration (po0.01), higher OCD severity scores (p = 0.01), and greater comorbidity (p o 0.01) than those without. In Caucasians (n=343), genotype frequency differed significantly between groups for ANKK1 rs1800497, with more OCD patients with symmetry symptoms being homozygous for the A2 (CC) genotype (w2 = 7.296; p = 0.026). Conclusion: Symmetry symptoms have some distinct clinical features and may represent a marker of severity in OCD. However, clinical associations, in combination with the association found with the ANKK1 rs1800497 A2 variant, suggest that primary symmetry symptoms may represent a distinctive clinical and psychobiological profile
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    http://hdl.handle.net/10394/19123
    https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-44462016000100017&lng=en&tlng=en
    https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2014-1619
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