The occurrence of hazardous volatile elements and nanoparticles in Bulgarian coal fly ashes and the effect on human health exposure
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Date
Authors
Silva, Luis F.O.
DaBoit, Kátia
Sampaio, Carlos H.
Jasper, André
Waanders, Frans B.
Journal Title
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Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
Low-rank, high-mineral matter Bulgarian coals were studied using a variety of chemical, optical, and electron
beam methods. The larger fly ash carbon phases include charred carbons in contrast to coked carbons present
in the fly ashes of bituminous-coal-derived fly ashes. Nanoscale carbons include multi-walled carbon nanotubes
(MWCNTs) encapsulating Hg, Se, and As, among other elements. In addition to the glass which dominates
the fly ash, relatively coarse ‘rock fragments’, consisting of an unmelted to partially melted core
surrounded by a glassy rim, are present in the fly ash. Nano-scale minerals can contain hazardous elements
and, along with metal-bearing multiwalled nanotubes, can be a path for the entry of hazardous particles into
the lungs and other organs.
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Citation
Silva, L.F.O. et al. 2012. The occurrence of hazardous volatile elements and nanoparticles in Bulgarian coal fly ashes and the effect on human health exposure. Science of the total environment, 416:513-526. [http://www.journals.elsevier.com/science-of-the-total-environment/]