Righteousness and identity formation in the Sermon on the Mount
Abstract
Righteousness is an important term in the first gospel and has a significant concentration in
the Sermon on the Mount. The argument in this article is that the first gospel has a community
building function. Matthew intentionally uses the word ‘righteousness’ in the Sermon on
the Mount as an instrument to define the identity of his community. Though righteousness
can be used in a soteriological sense, it is argued that Matthew mainly uses it in an ethical
sense. By righteousness Matthew refers to the proper behavioural norms and attitudes for his
community. Commitment to Jesus forms the central focus of the community’s identity. Their
discipleship is demonstrated by doing the will of God as defined and interpreted by Jesus.
Doing the will of God in such a manner is what Matthew regards as the distinguishing mark
of this community. Thus they would surpass the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees.
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