Exploring the political participation of women in rural areas in post-apartheid societies : a comparative study between South Africa and Namibia, 2004-2016

Abstract

Women in rural areas’ political participation is a topic under explored in International Relations and political studies. Scholars in this field emphasised exploring the political participation of women in urban areas, neglecting that of women in rural areas. The central discussion, therefore, focuses on the political participation of women in rural areas to which these different types of participation have been or can be empowering for women as individuals and as a group. The aim of the study was to explore factors which account for the political participation of women in rural areas, which was done by applying a qualitative research method. Political participation in its basic definition was applied to measure the study’s main question, and different themes were explored. This dissertation explores the political participation of women in rural areas from post-apartheid societies. A broad definition of politics is used, which allowed the researcher to investigate the factors which influence the participation of women in rural areas in local politics. The study found that women in rural areas’ participation and representation face similar challenges and successes. Although non-homogenous, women in Namibia and South Africa initially took interest in politics when in proximity to male comrades, and their political participation holds a 40% chance of translating into roles in local government. However, their representation holds minimal agency due to internal resource frustrations and the political party’s mandate taking priority. In conclusion, the study makes the case that the political participation of women in rural areas is fundamental to achieving an inclusive society and strengthening the region’s democracy as well as progressing towards achieving SDG 5 (Sustainable Development Goal).