Despite emerging water shortages, most water is only used once, and often with low efficiency. However, with appropriate treatment, water can be re–used to reduce the demand on freshwater sources. The Department of Water ...

Water in South Africa is becoming limiting due to economic growth, social development and the country's water demand that exceed its water availability. Water conservation in the industry can be accomplished by the reuse ...

The concentration of triclosan in antiseptics, disinfectants and preservatives in products exceeds the minimal lethal levels. Extensive use of triclosan and antibiotics results in bacterial resistance to their active ...

Maize is the staple food for a majority of people in Southern Africa, but plant diseases are responsible for at least 10% of crop production losses. Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) of maize was first reported in South Africa ...

South Africa produces an average of 154 million broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus) annually, arising to an estimated 886 million kg of broiler litter. The largest population of broilers are reared in the North West province. ...

Source water is becoming a scarce resource in South Africa, especially with the extreme periods of drought that the country has faced the last few years. Continuous pollution of rivers and dams is drastically deteriorating ...

Increased urbanisation and anthropogenic disturbances have caused water quality of many freshwater systems to deteriorate over the years in South Africa. This is due to domestic, industrial, and agricultural waste being ...

Some of the core issues faced today in developed and developing countries are global energy protection and better utilisation of natural resources. Anaerobic digestion is currently one of the options available that may ...