dc.contributor.author | Morton, Fred | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2015-02-17T07:39:13Z | |
dc.date.available | 2015-02-17T07:39:13Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Morton, F. 2014. The rise of a raiding state: Makaba II’s Ngwaketse, c. 1780-1824. New Contree : A journal of Historical and Human Sciences for Southern Africa. 71:25-40, Dec. [http://dspace.nwu.ac.za/handle/10394/4969] | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 0379-9867 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10394/13371 | |
dc.description.abstract | Though long acknowledged for their military prowess under Makaba II
(ruled c. 1780-1824), the emergence of the Ngwaketse among the southern
Tswana in the pre-difaqane era has not been sufficiently accounted for, and its
significance to regional developments has gone unrecognised and unexplained.
Argued here is that the Ngwaketse embarked on territorial domination of
southern Botswana during the reign of Moleta (ruled c. 1750 – c. 1780), when
they subordinated previous inhabitants, introduced military training as part
of initiation, and reached their apogee as a territorial entity prior to Makaba’s
reign. The area that the Ngwaketse colonised (Gangwaketse) in Moleta’s time
became during the reign of his son Makaba II a base for frequent stock raids
among their neighbours and for building a formidable regional state. Their
success was derived to an important degree from their use of the hilly terrain
in northeastern Gangwaketse suited for stone-wall stock posts secure from
their enemies. The Ngwaketse built their military might, in other words, by
adapting to the landscape they colonised and shaping each of their settlements
to varied local resources. Research is based on a correlation of oral histories,
settlement locations, initiation and totemic lists, topographical and Google
earth surveys, and field surveys and site mapping in parts of northeastern
Gangwaketse and the Kanye area. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | School for Basic Sciences, Vaal Triangle Campus, North-West University | en_US |
dc.subject | Schapera | en_US |
dc.subject | Ngcongco | en_US |
dc.subject | Ngwaketse | en_US |
dc.subject | Moleta | en_US |
dc.subject | Makaba II | en_US |
dc.subject | Legassick | en_US |
dc.subject | Seoke | en_US |
dc.subject | Pitsa | en_US |
dc.subject | Kanye | en_US |
dc.subject | Mephato | en_US |
dc.subject | Landscape | en_US |
dc.subject | Stonewall settlements | en_US |
dc.subject | Stock raiding | en_US |
dc.subject | Kwena | en_US |
dc.subject | Kgwatlheng | en_US |
dc.subject | Tlhaping | en_US |
dc.subject | Rolong | en_US |
dc.subject | Hurutshe | en_US |
dc.subject | Kgatla Mmanaana | en_US |
dc.subject | Kololo | en_US |
dc.subject | Moffat | en_US |
dc.title | The rise of a raiding state: Makaba II’s Ngwaketse, c. 1780-1824. | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |